Abstract

The traditional irrigation system often results in inefficient water usage, which directly affects crop productivity. This study proposed an IoT-based smart irrigation monitoring system design to optimize crop yield while minimizing water wastage. The system employs an ESP32 microcontroller, Soil moisture sensors, Temperature and humidity sensors, and cloud integration to monitor and control irrigation in real time. The data from the sensor is transmitted via Wi-Fi to the cloud platform. Where farmers can access live field conditions through a smartphone application, based on the soil moisture threshold, and the system can automatically trigger irrigation to maintain optimal conditions for crop growth. The prototype was tested on multiple crop samples, demonstrating improved water efficiency and healthier crop growth. The experimental results indicate that the system not only reduces manual intervention but also contributes to better crop yield optimization through smart water management, making it a practical solution for precision agriculture.